Publications
2026
arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.26798
@misc{schwalbe2026, title = {Explaining, Verifying, and Aligning Semantic Hierarchies in Vision-Language Model Embeddings}, author = {G. Schwalbe and M. Keser and M. Bayerkuhnlein and E. Heinert and A. Mütze and M. Keller and S. Tiwari and G. Mikriukov and D. Wolter and J. H. Lee and M. Rottmann}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2603.26798}, year = {2026}, url = {https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2603.26798}, }European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics
@inproceedings{lehmann2026, title = {Knowing the Facts but Choosing the Shortcut: Understanding How Large Language Models Compare Entities}, author = {H. H. Lehmann and J. H. Lee and S. Schockaert and S. Wermter}, booktitle = {European Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics}, year = {2026}, url = {https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2026.eacl-long.222}, }arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.02178
@misc{herbst2026, title = {The Expert Strikes Back: Interpreting Mixture-of-Experts Language Models at Expert Level}, author = {J. Herbst and J. H. Lee and S. Wermter}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2604.02178}, year = {2026}, url = {https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2604.02178}, }
2025
Transactions on Machine Learning Research
@article{lu2025, title = {Mental Modelling of Reinforcement Learning Agents by Language Models}, author = {W. Lu and X. Zhao and J. Spisak and J. H. Lee and S. Wermter}, journal = {Transactions on Machine Learning Research}, year = {2025}, url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=JN7iNWaPTe}, keywords = {reinforcement learning, XAI}, }CEUR Workshop Proceedings
@book{2025, title = {Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Spatio-Temporal Reasoning and Learning (STRL 2025)}, author = {}, publisher = {CEUR Workshop Proceedings}, year = {2025}, url = {https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-4102/}, }arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.04691
@misc{lee2025, title = {Towards Ethical Multi-Agent Systems of Large Language Models: A Mechanistic Interpretability Perspective}, author = {J. H. Lee and A. Lauscher and S. V. Albrecht}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2512.04691}, year = {2025}, url = {https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.04691}, }
2024
Conference on Causal Learning and Reasoning
@inproceedings{lu2024, title = {Causal State Distillation for Explainable Reinforcement Learning}, author = {W. Lu and X. Zhao and T. Fryen and J. H. Lee and M. Li and S. Magg and S. Wermter}, booktitle = {Conference on Causal Learning and Reasoning}, year = {2024}, url = {https://proceedings.mlr.press/v236/lu24a.html}, keywords = {reinforcement learning, XAI}, }Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation
@inproceedings{zhao2024, title = {Enhancing Zero-Shot Chain-of-Thought Reasoning in Large Language Models through Logic}, author = {X. Zhao and M. Li and W. Lu and C. Weber and J. H. Lee and K. Chu and S. Wermter}, booktitle = {Joint International Conference on Computational Linguistics, Language Resources and Evaluation}, year = {2024}, url = {https://aclanthology.org/2024.lrec-main.543}, keywords = {LLM, neuro-symbolic AI, NLP}, }Transactions on Machine Learning Research
@article{ahrens2024, title = {Read Between the Layers: Leveraging Multi-Layer Representations for Rehearsal-Free Continual Learning with Pre-Trained Models}, author = {K. Ahrens and H. H. Lehmann and J. H. Lee and S. Wermter}, journal = {Transactions on Machine Learning Research}, year = {2024}, url = {https://openreview.net/forum?id=ZTcxp9xYr2}, keywords = {continual learning}, }Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning
@inproceedings{sun2024, title = {Details Make a Difference: Object State-Sensitive Neurorobotic Task Planning}, author = {X. Sun and X. Zhao and J. H. Lee and W. Lu and M. Kerzel and S. Wermter}, booktitle = {Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning}, year = {2024}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-72341-4_18}, keywords = {multimodal learning}, }Computer Vision -- ECCV 2024 Workshops
@inproceedings{lee2024, title = {Concept-Based Explanations in Computer Vision: Where Are We and Where Could We Go?}, author = {J. H. Lee and G. Mikriukov and G. Schwalbe and S. Wermter and D. Wolter}, booktitle = {Computer Vision -- ECCV 2024 Workshops}, year = {2024}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-92648-8_17}, keywords = {concept-based XAI, survey, XAI}, }Neurosymbolic Artificial Intelligence
@article{lee2024, title = {From Neural Activations to Concepts: A Survey on Explaining Concepts in Neural Networks}, author = {J. H. Lee and S. Lanza and S. Wermter}, journal = {Neurosymbolic Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2024}, url = {https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.3233/NAI-240743}, keywords = {concept-based XAI, neuro-symbolic AI, survey, XAI}, }CEUR-WS.org
@book{2024, title = {Proceedings of the 3rd International Workshop on Spatio-Temporal Reasoning and Learning (STRL 2024)}, author = {}, publisher = {CEUR-WS.org}, year = {2024}, url = {https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3827}, keywords = {neuro-symbolic AI, spatial reasoning, temporal reasoning}, }
2023
arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.04231
@misc{plster2023, title = {Harnessing the Power of Multi-Task Pretraining for Ground-Truth Level Natural Language Explanations}, author = {B. Plüster and J. Ambsdorf and L. Braach and J. H. Lee and S. Wermter}, howpublished = {arXiv preprint arXiv:2212.04231}, year = {2023}, url = {https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2212.04231}, keywords = {multimodal learning, NLP, XAI}, }Applied Artificial Intelligence
@article{ozdemir2023, title = {Learning Bidirectional Action-Language Translation with Limited Supervision and Testing with Incongruent Input}, author = {O. \"Ozdemir and M. Kerzel and C. Weber and J. H. Lee and M. B. Hafez and P. Bruns and S. Wermter}, journal = {Applied Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2023}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/08839514.2023.2179167}, keywords = {multimodal learning, NLP, robot learning}, }Compendium of Neurosymbolic Artificial Intelligence
@misc{lee2023, title = {Neuro-Symbolic Spatio-Temporal Reasoning}, author = {J. H. Lee and M. Sioutis and K. Ahrens and M. Alirezaie and M. Kerzel and S. Wermter}, howpublished = {Compendium of Neurosymbolic Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2023}, url = {https://ebooks.iospress.nl/doi/10.3233/FAIA230151}, keywords = {neuro-symbolic AI, spatial reasoning, temporal reasoning}, }International Conference on Machine Learning
@inproceedings{li2023, title = {Internally Rewarded Reinforcement Learning}, author = {M. Li and X. Zhao and J. H. Lee and C. Weber and S. Wermter}, booktitle = {International Conference on Machine Learning}, year = {2023}, url = {https://proceedings.mlr.press/v202/li23ax.html}, keywords = {reinforcement learning}, }EMNLP Findings
@inproceedings{ahrens2023, title = {Visually Grounded Continual Language Learning with Selective Specialization}, author = {K. Ahrens and L. Bengtson and J. H. Lee and S. Wermter}, booktitle = {EMNLP Findings}, year = {2023}, url = {https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2023.findings-emnlp.469}, keywords = {continual learning, multimodal learning, NLP}, }CEUR-WS.org
@book{2023, title = {Proceedings of the 2nd International Workshop on Spatio-Temporal Reasoning and Learning (STRL 2023)}, author = {}, publisher = {CEUR-WS.org}, year = {2023}, url = {https://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3475}, keywords = {neuro-symbolic AI, spatial reasoning, temporal reasoning}, }
2022
International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
@inproceedings{lee2022, title = {What Is Right for Me Is Not yet Right for You: A Dataset for Grounding Relative Directions Via Multi-Task Learning}, author = {J. H. Lee and M. Kerzel and K. Ahrens and C. Weber and S. Wermter}, booktitle = {International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2022}, url = {https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/145}, keywords = {multimodal learning, NLP, spatial reasoning}, }Frontiers in Neurorobotics
@article{lee2022, title = {Spatial Relation Learning in Complementary Scenarios with Deep Neural Networks}, author = {J. H. Lee and Y. Yao and O. \"Ozdemir and M. Li and C. Weber and Z. Liu and S. Wermter}, journal = {Frontiers in Neurorobotics}, year = {2022}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbot.2022.844753}, keywords = {multimodal learning, spatial reasoning}, }IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems
@article{ozdemir2022, title = {Language Model-Based Paired Variational Autoencoders for Robotic Language Learning}, author = {O. \"Ozdemir and M. Kerzel and C. Weber and J. H. Lee and S. Wermter}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Cognitive and Developmental Systems}, year = {2022}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/tcds.2022.3204452}, keywords = {multimodal learning, NLP, robot learning}, }Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning
@inproceedings{ozdemir2022, title = {Learning Flexible Translation Between Robot Actions and Language Descriptions}, author = {O. \"Ozdemir and M. Kerzel and C. Weber and J. H. Lee and S. Wermter}, booktitle = {Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning}, year = {2022}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15931-2_21}, keywords = {multimodal learning, NLP, robot learning}, }Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning
@inproceedings{volquardsen2022, title = {More Diverse Training, Better Compositionality! Evidence from Multimodal Language Learning}, author = {C. Volquardsen and J. H. Lee and C. Weber and S. Wermter}, booktitle = {Artificial Neural Networks and Machine Learning}, year = {2022}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15934-3_35}, keywords = {compositional generalization, multimodal learning, NLP}, }International Workshop on Spatio-Temporal Reasoning and Learning
@inproceedings{ahrens2022, title = {Knowing Earlier What Right Means to You: A Comprehensive VQA Dataset for Grounding Relative Directions via Multi-Task Learning}, author = {K. Ahrens and M. Kerzel and J. H. Lee and C. Weber and S. Wermter}, booktitle = {International Workshop on Spatio-Temporal Reasoning and Learning}, year = {2022}, url = {http://ceur-ws.org/Vol-3190/paper4.pdf}, keywords = {multimodal learning, NLP, spatial reasoning}, }
2021
International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems
@inproceedings{li2021, title = {Robotic Occlusion Reasoning for Efficient Object Existence Prediction}, author = {M. Li and C. Weber and M. Kerzel and J. H. Lee and Z. Zeng and Z. Liu and S. Wermter}, booktitle = {International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems}, year = {2021}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/iros51168.2021.9635947}, keywords = {multimodal learning, robot learning}, }International Joint Conference on Neural Networks
@inproceedings{eisermann2021, title = {Generalization in Multimodal Language Learning from Simulation}, author = {A. Eisermann and J. H. Lee and C. Weber and S. Wermter}, booktitle = {International Joint Conference on Neural Networks}, year = {2021}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1109/ijcnn52387.2021.9534275}, keywords = {compositional generalization, multimodal learning, NLP}, }
2020
European Conference on Artificial Intelligence
@inproceedings{lee2020, title = {Capturing Word Order in Averaging Based Sentence Embeddings}, author = {J. H. Lee and J. Camacho-Collados and L. Espinosa Anke and S. Schockaert}, booktitle = {European Conference on Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2020}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3233/faia200328}, keywords = {NLP}, }International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
@inproceedings{kong2020, title = {Deep Hurdle Networks for Zero-Inflated Multi-Target Regression: Application to Multiple Species Abundance Estimation}, author = {S. Kong and J. Bai and J. H. Lee and D. Chen and A. Allyn and M. Stuart and M. Pinsky and K. Mills and C. Gomes}, booktitle = {International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2020}, url = {https://doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/603}, keywords = {multilabel classification}, }
2018
Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems
@article{kong2018, title = {A New Distributed Algorithm for Efficient Generalized Arc-Consistency Propagation}, author = {S. Kong and J. H. Lee and S. Li}, journal = {Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems}, year = {2018}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/s10458-018-9388-x}, keywords = {multiagent systems}, }AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence
@inproceedings{kong2018, title = {Multiagent Simple Temporal Problem: The Arc-Consistency Approach}, author = {S. Kong and J. H. Lee and S. Li}, booktitle = {AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2018}, url = {https://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/AAAI/AAAI18/paper/view/17182}, keywords = {multiagent systems, temporal reasoning}, }
2017
ACM Computing Surveys
@article{dylla2017, title = {A Survey of Qualitative Spatial and Temporal Calculi: Algebraic and Computational Properties}, author = {F. Dylla and J. H. Lee and T. Mossakowski and T. Schneider and A. V. Delden and J. V. D. Ven and D. Wolter}, journal = {ACM Computing Surveys}, year = {2017}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3038927}, keywords = {spatial reasoning, survey, temporal reasoning}, }International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems
@inproceedings{kong2017, title = {A Deterministic Distributed Algorithm for Reasoning with Connected Row-Convex Constraints}, author = {S. Kong and J. H. Lee and S. Li}, booktitle = {International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems}, year = {2017}, url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=3091125.3091159}, keywords = {multiagent systems}, }
2016
International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
@inproceedings{ge2016, title = {Trend-Based Prediction of Spatial Change}, author = {X. Ge and J. H. Lee and J. Renz and P. Zhang}, booktitle = {International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2016}, url = {http://www.ijcai.org/Abstract/16/156}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
@inproceedings{wolter2016, title = {Connecting Qualitative Spatial and Temporal Representations by Propositional Closure}, author = {D. Wolter and J. H. Lee}, booktitle = {International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2016}, url = {http://www.ijcai.org/Abstract/16/189}, keywords = {spatial reasoning, temporal reasoning}, }European Conference on Artificial Intelligence
@inproceedings{ge2016, title = {Hole in One: Using Qualitative Reasoning for Solving Hard Physical Puzzle Problems}, author = {X. Ge and J. H. Lee and J. Renz and P. Zhang}, booktitle = {European Conference on Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2016}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-672-9-1762}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }European Conference on Artificial Intelligence
@inproceedings{lee2016, title = {On Redundancy in Simple Temporal Networks}, author = {J. H. Lee and S. Li and Z. Long and M. Sioutis}, booktitle = {European Conference on Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2016}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-672-9-828}, keywords = {temporal reasoning}, }29th International Workshop on Qualitative Reasoning
@inproceedings{ge2016, title = {Hole in One: Using Qualitative Reasoning for Solving Hard Physical Puzzle Problems}, author = {X. Ge and J. H. Lee and J. Renz and P. Zhang}, booktitle = {29th International Workshop on Qualitative Reasoning}, year = {2016}, url = {https://ivi.fnwi.uva.nl/tcs/QRgroup/qr16/pdf/QR2016Proceedings.pdf#page=52}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }
2015
International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
@inproceedings{schockaert2015, title = {Qualitative Reasoning About Directions in Semantic Spaces}, author = {S. Schockaert and J. H. Lee}, booktitle = {International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2015}, url = {https://www.ijcai.org/Abstract/15/452}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
@inproceedings{zhang2015, title = {From Raw Sensor Data to Detailed Spatial Knowledge}, author = {P. Zhang and J. H. Lee and J. Renz}, booktitle = {International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2015}, url = {http://ijcai.org/Abstract/15/133}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }
2014
European Conference on Artificial Intelligence
@inproceedings{lee2014, title = {The Complexity of Reasoning with Relative Directions}, author = {J. H. Lee}, booktitle = {European Conference on Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2014}, url = {https://doi.org/10.3233/978-1-61499-419-0-507}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }
2013
PhD Thesis, Universit\"at Bremen
@misc{lee2013, title = {Qualitative Reasoning about Relative Directions: Computational Complexity and Practical Algorithm}, author = {J. H. Lee}, howpublished = {PhD Thesis, Universit\"at Bremen}, year = {2013}, url = {http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:46-00103435-15}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation
@article{kreutzmann2013, title = {Towards Safe Navigation by Formalizing Navigation Rules}, author = {A. Kreutzmann and D. Wolter and F. Dylla and J. H. Lee}, journal = {International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation}, year = {2013}, url = {https://doi.org/10.12716/1001.07.02.01}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence
@inproceedings{lee2013, title = {StarVars: Effective Reasoning About Relative Directions}, author = {J. H. Lee and J. Renz and D. Wolter}, booktitle = {International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2013}, url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2540128.2540269}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }
2012
Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft AKA
@book{2012, title = {GIZeitgeist 2012 - Proceedings of the Young Researchers Forum on Geographic Information Science}, author = {}, publisher = {Akademische Verlagsgesellschaft AKA}, year = {2012}, url = {https://www.uni-muenster.de/studium/orga/foerderung_forschungsprojekte/gi_zeitgeist.html}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }
2011
ACM Communications in Computer Algebra
@article{lee2011, title = {Cylindrical Algebraic Decomposition for Reasoning about Qualitative Spatial Knowledge}, author = {J. H. Lee}, journal = {ACM Communications in Computer Algebra}, year = {2011}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/1940475.1940496}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }IJCAI-2011 Workshop 27: Benchmarks and Applications of Spatial Reasoning
@inproceedings{lee2011, title = {A New Perspective on Reasoning with Qualitative Spatial Knowledge}, author = {J. H. Lee and D. Wolter}, booktitle = {IJCAI-2011 Workshop 27: Benchmarks and Applications of Spatial Reasoning}, year = {2011}, url = {http://qsr.informatik.uni-freiburg.de/ijcai11-bench/ws27-proceedings.pdf#page=5}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }Spatial Information Theory
@inproceedings{bhatt2011, title = {CLP(QS): A Declarative Spatial Reasoning Framework}, author = {M. Bhatt and J. H. Lee and C. Schultz}, booktitle = {Spatial Information Theory}, year = {2011}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-23196-4_12}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }
2010
Artificial Intelligence
@article{wolter2010, title = {Qualitative Reasoning with Directional Relations}, author = {D. Wolter and J. H. Lee}, journal = {Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2010}, url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.artint.2010.09.004}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }European Conference on Artificial Intelligence
@inproceedings{dylla2010, title = {A Combined Calculus on Orientation with Composition Based on Geometric Properties}, author = {F. Dylla and J. H. Lee}, booktitle = {European Conference on Artificial Intelligence}, year = {2010}, url = {http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1860967.1861218}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }
2007
Technical Report, Transregional Collaborative Research Center SFB/TR 8 Spatial Cognition
@misc{frommberger2007, title = {Composition in OPRAm}, author = {L. Frommberger and J. H. Lee and J. O. Wallgrün and F. Dylla}, howpublished = {Technical Report, Transregional Collaborative Research Center SFB/TR 8 Spatial Cognition}, year = {2007}, url = {https://www.sfbtr8.spatial-cognition.de/papers/SFB_TR_8_Rep_013-02_2007.pdf}, keywords = {spatial reasoning}, }